Climate records

9 climate records of Ukraine
Climate change issues are on a par with the most pressing issues facing humanity. Extreme weather conditions, which are increasingly observed in the world and in Ukraine, are causing increased public interest in climate issues.
Unique in scope and content, the hydrometeorological information stored in the Sectoral State Archive of the Central Geophysical Observatory (CGO) of the SES of Ukraine allows experts to make historical excursions into the climate of Ukraine going back almost 2 centuries.
Based on the archival data, the CGO climatologists decided to report 9 climate records for the period of regular meteorological observations in Ukraine:
1. The maximum air temperature of +42.0°C was recorded on August 12, 2010 at the Luhansk weather station;
2. The absolute minimum air temperature of -41.9°C was observed on January 8, 1935 at the Luhansk weather station;
3. The highest temperature on the soil surface was observed on June 2, 1995, at the Voznesensk weather station (Mykolaiv region). On that day, the soil surface "heated up" to 80°C;
4. The absolute minimum soil surface temperature of -46°C was recorded on January 31, 1987 at the Kupiansk weather station (Kharkiv oblast);
5. The highest monthly precipitation of 580 mm was measured during the catastrophic flood in the Carpathians in June 1969 at the Huta hydrological station (Ivano-Frankivsk region). For most of Ukraine, this is almost an annual amount;
6. The highest daily precipitation of 278 mm was recorded by the Karadazh Observatory (Crimea) on September 2, 1991;
7. The maximum wind speed of 50 m/s (180 km/h) was recorded on December 24, 1947 at the Ai-Petri weather station in Crimea;
8. The maximum ice diameter of 207 mm was observed in November 2000 at the Zatyshshya weather station (Odesa region);
9. The highest snow cover height of 352 cm was recorded on March 25, 2006 at the Pozhezhevska avalanche station (Ivano-Frankivsk region) Climate change is leading to an increase in the number of extreme and dangerous events and changes in extremes.

Historical extremes in Kyiv based on the results of observations of the weather station of the Central Geophysical Observatory since 1881

Parameters					Value	Date (year)
Absolute minimum air temperature					-32,2°С	February 7, February 9, 1929
Absolute maximum air temperature					39,4°С	July 30, 1936
The largest daily amplitude of air temperature					19,0ºС	February 4, 2014
The largest monthly amplitude of air temperature					31,6ºС	January 2014
Absolute maximum of atmospheric tisk					1032,1 гПа	December 17, 1997
Absolute minimum atmospheric pressure					946,5 гПа	1930
Maximum wind speed					25 м/с	March 20, 1881
Maximum annual precipitation					1000 мм	1933
Minimum annual precipitation					358	1862, 1863
Maximum daily precipitation					103мм	July 20, 1902
Maximum annual precipitation duration					1619 год.	1970
Maximum monthly precipitation					251 мм	червень 1932
Minimum monthly precipitation					0 мм	жовтень 2000
Minimum relative humidity					9%	19 квітня 2009
The highest number of days with precipitation in a month					27 дн.	січень 2004
Longest duration of precipitation in a month					352 год	січень 1979
Maximum snow cover thickness					84см	17 лютого 1940
Maximum snow cover thickness increase per day					33 см	19 грудня 2017
Maximum diameter of wet snow accumulation					85 мм	зима 2012/2013
The longest duration of fog in a year					614 год	1966
The largest number of days with fog in a year					79дн.	1966
Maximum duration of blizzards					143 год	1973-1974
The earliest date of the first autumn frost					найраніша	20 вересня 1921
Date of the first autumn air frost					найпізніша	19 листопада 2013
Date of last spring air frost					найраніша	22 березня 1973
Date of the last spring frost in the air					найпізніша	27 травня 1904
Maximum duration of frost-free period in the air					223 дн.	2008, 2013
Minimum duration of frost-free period in the air					144 дн.	1902, 1945
Absolute minimum soil surface temperature					-36ºС	9 січня 1987, 3 лютого 2012
Absolute maximum soil surface temperature					64ºС	4 липня 1961, 3 липня 2007
Maximum depth of soil freezing					86 см	3 декада лютого 1982
Earliest date of the first autumn frost					найраніша	4 вересня 1997
Date of the first autumn frost on the soil					найпізніша	11 листопада 2020
Date of last spring frost on the soil					найраніша	30 березня 1970
Date of the last spring frost on the soil					найпізніша	28 травня 1997
The maximum duration of the frost-free period on the soil is					217 дн.	2018
Minimum duration of the frost-free period on the soil					98 дн.	1997
The shortest duration of sunshine					9 год	грудень 1964, 1970
The longest duration of sunshine					396 год	червень 1964
The largest number of days without sunshine					27дн.	грудень 1966, 1970
The largest number of days with thunderstorms in a month					17 дн.	липень 2010